“Did Russia interfere in the 2016 election?” and “Did the Trump campaign collude with Russia’s efforts?” are two separate questions, though often conflated.

The first question is this article’s focus, and by mid-2018, the answer is pretty clearly “yes.” But the internet radicals I discuss in the article say “no,” or at least argue that the answer should be “don’t know” (or possibly “doesn’t matter”).

My dual aim here is to explore why they think that and to dispute some of the arguments they’ve put forward to advance it.